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MFA:
- Multi-Fibre Arrangement-a special protocol agreed by members of Gatt as derogation from normal Gatt rules. The MFA, which ran from 1974 to 1994, permitted members to establish quotas restricting textile and clothing trade which applied to specific supplying countries. Normal Gatt rules insist that all Gatt parties are to be treated equally (see MFN). On January 1, 1995, the MFA was superseded by the Agreement on Textiles and Clothing (ATC).
Last referenced in: Editorial: Smaller Textile and Clothing Suppliers Under Threat as EU Quotas on Imports from China Come to an End (Textile Outlook International Issue 129)
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MFN:
- most favoured nation: a basic principle of the World Trade Organization (WTO) which requires countries to treat imports from one WTO member no less favourably than imports from another WTO member.
Last referenced in: Prospects for the textile and garment industry in Vietnam, May-June 2007 (Textile Outlook International Issue 129)
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Microencapsulation:
- the process of placing chemicals inside microscopic capsules. These can be added to textiles to impart special properties.
Last referenced in: Profile of Cognis: a leader in speciality textile treatments (Performance Apparel Markets Issue 12)
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Microfibre:
- a fibre or filament with a linear density of less than 1.0 decitex. Some commercial fibres or filaments as coarse as 1.3 decitex are classified as microfibres by their producers.
Last referenced in: Man-Made Fibre Ropes (Technical Textile Markets Issue 7)
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Microfilament:
- a continuous filament with a linear density approximately below 1 decitex. Some commercial filaments as coarse as 1.3 decitex are classified as microfilaments by their producers (See also microfibre).
Last referenced in: The world nonwovens industry: part 1 -- the leading ten producers, 3rd quarter 2008 (Technical Textile Markets Issue 74)
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Micron (micrometre):
- one millionth of a metre (10-6 metres).
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Micronaire value:
- a measurement of cotton fibre quality. The micronaire value is a function of fibre fineness and maturity: low values indicate fine and/or immature fibres, whereas high values indicate coarse and/or mature fibres. The micronaire value is determined in practice by measuring the resistance to air flow of a specified mass of fibres (in the form of a ?plug?) confined in a chamber of a specified volume.
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Microorganisms:
- living organisms of microscopic size such as bacteria or fungi which produce infection and disease.
Last referenced in: Antimicrobial fibres and fabrics (Performance Apparel Markets Issue 7)
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Microyarn:
- a yarn consisting of several microfilaments.
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Milling:
- a process in which wool and other animal fibre fabrics are compacted by wetting them and putting them through a rotary milling machine.
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